| Identifying Biomarkers of Disinhibition. | Identifying Biomarkers of Disinhibition. | Impulse control deficits and poor self-regulation are core features of a diverse array of harmful behaviors (aggression, substance use, risky sexual behavior) and mental disorders (antisocial personality disorder, PTSD, externalizing disorders) that increase risk for premature death and poor health outcomes. We are working on identifying neurobiological mechanisms that support adaptive inhibitory control in healthy populations and how these regulatory processes go awry in clinical samples. The goal of this work is to better understand the neural architecture of impulse control deficits across different forms of psychopathology and to clarify how the neural processes supporting inhibition interact with other cognitive, motivational, and emotional systems. | Sadeh, Naomi;Spielberg, Jeffrey | nsadeh;jspielberg | | <img alt="" src="/Images%20Bios/Picture1-1vpvuil.png" style="BORDER:0px solid;" /> | | | | | |
| Methods for understanding the organization of brain networks | Methods for understanding the organization of brain networks | The study of brain networks is central to understanding how the brain supports complex thought and behavior and how related dysfunction gives rise to psychopathology. Typical methods catalogue the presence or absence of connections, ignoring the larger (network) context in which such connections occur. In collaboration with colleagues in Mathematical Sciences, the CAD lab develops and refines graph theory metrics to capture the manner in which network organization (of connections) impacts network function (e.g., robustness to external interference). A particular focus is on spectral methods that may more effectively represent network organization. These developments are integrated into our publicly available toolbox (http://www.nitrc.org/projects/metalab_gtg/). | Spielberg, Jeffrey | jspielberg | Sebastian Cioabă, Mathematical Sciences | <img alt="" src="/content-sub-site/PublishingImages/proj_4.png" style="BORDER:0px solid;" /> | | | | | |
| Brain networks supporting mania and depression in bipolar disorder | Brain networks supporting mania and depression in bipolar disorder | In collaboration with colleagues at Cleveland Clinic, the CAD lab is conducting several studies aimed at parsing brain network disturbances observed in bipolar disorder into those unique to mania, unique to depression, and common to both. In addition, we are examining the impact of lithium treatment (e.g., whether disturbed networks are normalized, whether compensatory networks come online). Finally, we are investigating whether depression is associated with different network disturbances in the context of unipolar depression rather than bipolar disorder. Note, data collection for this project currently occurs at Cleveland Clinic. | Spielberg, Jeffrey | jspielberg | | <img alt="" src="/content-sub-site/PublishingImages/proj_3.png" style="BORDER:0px solid;" /> | | | | | |
| Interaction of brain networks supporting motivation and inhibition | Interaction of brain networks supporting motivation and inhibition | Adaptive functioning depends on the rapid regulation of motivational processes, and disturbances in this regulation are key features of anxiety and depression. The CAD lab is conducting a number of studies aimed at understanding how brain networks supporting top-down inhibitory control interact with those involved in identifying the motivational importance of stimuli. This work is conducted in both healthy and anxious/depressed individuals, allowing us to describe both the typical manner in which these circuits interact and how divergence from the norm may lead to pathology. | Spielberg, Jeffrey;Sadeh, Naomi | jspielberg;nsadeh | | <img alt="" src="/content-sub-site/PublishingImages/proj_2.png" style="BORDER:0px solid;" /> | | | | | |
| Adolescent development in brain networks supporting motivation | Adolescent development in brain networks supporting motivation | Adolescence is the peak onset time for psychopathology involving disturbances in motivation and emotion, including anxiety and depression. Thus, charting the neuromaturational trajectories of brain networks supporting motivation and emotion may prove crucial to discovering how and why psychopathology develops during this period, and ultimately informing prevention and treatment efforts. The CAD lab is conducting several studies aimed at key pieces of this puzzle, including the development and consolidation of connections between amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), with a particular focus on the role of pubertal hormones. | Spielberg, Jeffrey | jspielberg | | <img alt="" src="/content-sub-site/PublishingImages/proj_1.png" style="BORDER:0px solid;" /> | | | | | |
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